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Radu Tîrcă and Ștefania Hîrleață are students at University of Architecture and Urbanism 'Ion Mincu', Bucharest. At present, they lead their theoretical research on the subject of thermal towns and diploma projects in Govora Baths under the guidance of Stefan Simion, Irina Tulbure and Ilinca Paun Constantinescu. As students, they won second prize and best student project in a BeeBreeders international architecture competition - Mango Vynil Hub, third prize in a Zeppelin national competition - Prototip pentru comunitate, as well as other mentions in other competitions.
Fortuitous Encounters
Ștefan Simion
When thinking to the work of Smiljan Radić, Foucault’s laughter comes to my mind: the one sparked by a passage of Borges that shattered ‘all the familiar landmarks’ of our thought founded on the ‘age-old distinction between the Same and the Other. This passage quotes a certain Chinese encyclopædia in which it is written that ‘animals are divided into: (a) belonging to the Emperor, (b) embalmed, (c) tame, (d) sucking pigs, (e) sirens, (f) fabulous, (g) stray dogs, (h) included in the present classification, (i) frenzied, (j) innumerable, (k) drawn with a very fine camelhair brush, (l) et cetera, (m) having just broken the water pitcher, (n) that from a long way off look like flies’.
In the introduction of The Order of Things, Foucault highlights that such an improbable collection of things is only possible through the act of enumeration, by the space that brings them together. This can be understood as a heterotopia – a space where the boundaries between the Same (what is familiar) and the Other (what is alien or different) blur or co-exist, creating a critical, juxtaposed space of multiple, often contradictory, realities.
Back in the day, Smiljan Radić started collecting fragile structures and scattered remains found on the streets of Santiago. Later, his interest in utopia led him to gather drawings originating from the heroes of the Radical Architecture of the ‘60s. And there is also the fantastic collection of his imaginary museum comprising works and texts by poets, painters, musicians. This vast reservoir of cultural fragments has evolved into an extremely biographical collection. Here, the collectibles are sometimes unexpectedly other, but once you become familiar with his work and his houses, they stand together as one; the resulting imaginarium casts a special light – sometimes disorienting – on his projects, infusing them with an intense horizon of meaning intimately connected with heterotopia.
When reflecting on the work of Smiljan Radić, a certain subversive artistic strategy begins to take shape, drawing on two possible references: a) the fortuitous encounters in Marcel Duchamp’s art, where chance events converge to create unexpected meanings and redefine perception; b) a profound poetic connection with heterotopia, as Michel Foucault states: ‘Heterotopias are disturbing, probably because they secretly undermine language, because they make it impossible to name this and that, because they shatter or tangle common names, because they destroy syntax in advance, and not only the syntax with which we construct sentences but also that less apparent syntax which causes words and things [..] to hold together’.
The subversive nature of language, intersecting ideas, and eclectic references in Smiljan Radić’s work instills it with poetic strength; his houses resist easy explanations and unilateral understanding. ‘When it is explained – it becomes banal.’ His architecture transcends the familiar world by opening passageways to fictional, yet inhabited realms. ‘Architecture often does not need a place: it needs a territory that can be physical or intellectual’.
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Here is a series of images, thought-texts, and projects – realistic or fantastical – that belong to his deeply personal universe and way of thinking.
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‘Fragile’ is the name given to a tower of wine glasses that was presented in conjunction with the model of the House for the Poem of the Right Angle in 2010 at the ‘Global Ends’ exhibition at the Ma Gallery in Tokyo. This construction reflects the princess’ tower in The Brothers Grimm’s fairy tale, ‘The Sea Hare’, illustrated in a 1969 series by David Hockney. This building is a tribute to Constant A. Nieuwenhuys’ towers.
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The Princess Tower, David Hockney, 1969 Fragile, Smiljan Radić, 2010
For the 2010 Venice Architecture Biennale, just after the earthquake in Chile, we wanted to illustrate a gentle, sheltered, scented future, like the one we found in the dry lines of David Hockney’s engraving entitled ‘The Boy Hidden in a Fish’.
We chose a 14 tons granite boulder at a quarry in the Andes. We drilled it until it was reduced to 7 tons in order to facilitate its transport from Chile to Italy, and we placed it in a scented cedar box. The refuge inhabits its interior.
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The Boy Hidden in a Fish, David Hockney, 1969 The Boy Hidden in a Fish, Venice Architecture Biennale, Smiljan Radić, 2010
The use of literature to imagine architecture is an escapist exercise that often has dire consequences. The Boy Hidden in an Egg is another engraving in David Hockney’s famous 1969 series of illustrations for the Tales of the Brothers Grimm.
The design model is a potential 3D illustration of the referenced image, but it is also the starting point for an uncertain project. A cow’s udder filled with newspaper and wrapped in wallpaper makes strange movements on account of the structural cables that tie it to the ground.
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The Boy Hidden in an Egg, David Hockney, 1969 The Boy Hidden in an Egg, Smiljan Radić, 2011
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We all know that when Oscar Wilde’s Selfish Giant returned to his castle, tired after a seven-year absence, he found it had been invaded. He shouted, put up a sign at the entrance and frightened away the children and their constant noise. In retaliation, permanent winter fell upon his garden. Nature made a feast of him until he repented, forcing him to let noise enter his deaf, endearing shelter once again. What would the Selfish Giant’s castle look like? What would his shelter be like?’
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A strange objet trouvé, a long way from its home, appears above NAVE, a source of delight for the neighborhood.
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Model for The Selfish Giant’s Castle, Smiljan Radić Model for the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, London, Smiljan Radić, 2014
‘We must probably expand the concept of REALITY to a domain as ungraspable on the physical plane as MEMORY is.’ For Alfred North Whitehead a car accident and the exposition of the pyramid to the sun on any given day are equivalent events. [..] An object is that which allows us to compare events. An object is that of which we can state there it is again. [..] Apparently, architecture does the same job as set design; it creates units of environment, atmosphere or events – whatever you wish to call them, but with more weight, carrying more material, slower. This is why it can raise the curtain more times and repeat there it is again for longer.
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NAVE, Centre for experimental scenic art, Santiago, Chile, Smiljan Radić, 2010-2014
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The Ines-table (1993) can be understood as a kind of compressed capsule, an air pump for the ensemble of Enric Miralles’s work. The table has been compared many times with Saint Jerome in His Study (c.1456) by Antonello da Messina, a painting where the humanist saint appears to be sitting in a kind of open or hollowed-out cabinet, with the doors swung wide. Under the light of the Renaissance arch that frames the scene, all the secret objects that played a central role in the saint’s life, all portrayed in profile, like the saint himself, have broken free, as though, for the painter, the saint and his objects were one thing, one life. [..] We produced our Ines-table [..] based on the digital model obtained from the original plans, which we compared with the two existing Ines-tables, the one in the studio and the one in the architect’s house.
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Ines-Table, Enric Miralles, 1993 Saint Jerome in His Study, Antonello da Messina, c.1456
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The Tower is just a common grater. It is not used to look out toward a distant world from above, but only to slice, grind and grate its surroundings. Anyone who stopped inside would see an irremediably cold, metallic, empty void, and a few scattered holes where the world literally seeps through in pieces. The tower is a sad project, like the failed cone built by Roithamer, the character in Thomas Bernhard’s novel Correction, in the heart of the forest for his sister.
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My First Tower, Smiljan Radić, 2015
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The Wardrobe and the Mattress without use are in ruin, without raison d’être. Without the habits hanging from the hooks, without the slow breathing of the sleepers.
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The Wardrobe and the Mattress,
Marcela Correa and Smiljan Radić, 2015
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Almost all the buildings that interest me are the ones that we have completely forgotten; buildings we have absolutely no recollection or image of, that we put behind us without regret.
A conventional charcoal burner is built by making a 120 cm deep cylindrical hole in the ground, filling it with a pile of hawthorn wood cut into small pieces, and covering it with a thick roof of mud and straw which is then compressed with a short stick to form a dome. Regular perforations are made around the perimeter to regulate the air flow into the burning process. The structure is left to burn for a month, like traditional ceramics. The wood is then burned for four days, regulating the flue with the perforations or slits. The charcoal is removed through a half-buried door, emptying the self-supporting ceramic dome structure to receive another load of wood. It can remain standing for more than 10 years without maintenance.
The extension to the Charcoal burner’s house does not involve an increase in the services provided by the dilapidated house alongside our prototype. It is an essentially useless test construction aimed at restoring the region’s image, reviving the domes once used to produce charcoal and turning them into small, spherical 4 m. diameter monuments.
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Extension to Charcoal Burner’s House, Smiljan Radić, 1998
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Grypho is a fortuitous encounter between an old wooden mortar, two industrial lightbulbs in disrepair and mutilated parts of a cheap Chinese violin. No function, no shape, no drama.
Grypho, Smiljan Radić, 2015
1 - Michel Foucault, Les mots et les choses first published 1966 by Editions Gallimard, Paris; English edition first published in the United Kingdom 1970 by Tavistock Publications
2 - Michel Foucault, Of Other Spaces: Utopias and Heterotopias; Architecture /Mouvement/ Continuité October, 1984; (“Des Espace Autres,” March 1967 Translated from the French by Jay Miskowiec)
3- Smiljan Radić, dialogue with Enrique Walker, in ElCroquis 167, P.23
4 - Smiljan Radić, text about Room, San Miguel, Chiloe Island, El Croquis 167, p.47
5- Smiljan Radić, Fragile, 2010, in ElCroquis 167, p.257
6 - Smiljan Radić, The Boy Hidden in a Fish, in ElCroquis 167, p.219
7- Smiljan Radić, The Boy Hidden in an Egg, in ElCroquis 167, p.219
8- Smiljan Radić, The Selfish Giant’s Castle, in ElCroquis 167, p.223
9 - Tadeusz Kantor, Wielopole, Wielopole, cited by Smiljan Radić in The Circus
10 - Smiljan Radić, The Circus, published in 2G no.44, 2007
11- Smiljan Radić, Ines-table, 2017
12- Smiljan Radić, Everything, 2004, text published in Smiljan Radić , Editorial ARQ, Santiago, 2004
13- Excerpt from Smiljan Radić, The wardrobe and the Mattress, 2013
14- Smiljan Radić, Extension to Charcoal Burner’s House, in ElCroquis 167, p.43